WHAT IS A TRIGGER FINGER?
Trigger finger is a common hand problem. Symptoms occur when there is catching between the flexor tendons of the hand and the sheath which surrounds the tendons. Instead of gliding smoothly through the sheath, the tendons can meet resistance within the tight sheath. Some patients report painful “catching” or “clicking” of the finger with range of motion. Some people may feel a tender nodule or “bump” at the base of the finger. In advanced cases, the finger can become stuck or “locked” in flexion, requiring the person to straighten the finger with the other hand. These symptoms are often worse in the morning.
WHAT CAUSES TRIGGER FINGER?
The cause of trigger finger is unknown in most cases. Repetitive, forceful gripping or trauma may contribute to the condition. Sometimes rheumatoid arthritis (RA), diabetes, gout, and thyroid disorders are associated with trigger finger. In some cases, the tenosynovium, which is normally thin tissue surrounding the tendons, becomes thickened and obstructs tendon gliding.
WHAT ARE TREATMENT OPTIONS?
Night splinting, oral anti-inflammatory medications, and cortisone injections are common first-line treatments. Surgery is recommended if symptoms persist despite conservative treatment. During surgery, the tight sheath is released, allowing the tendons to glide smoothly. These days, local anesthesia is used primarily for the procedure and most patients do not need to be put to sleep.